The historical gallery recreates, using remains, documents and paintings, the atmposphere of the Museum during the almost five centuries from its establishment, in a route backward through time.

The Museum Garden, located in one of the internal courtyards of the Charterhouse, next to the Historical Gallery, is devoted to the plants of Monte Pisano.

With the Reptiles and Amphibians Gallery it starts the route through the thematic collections which also includes the Mammalian Gallery and the Mineral one. The finds, exposed in a systematic order, are part of the great naturalistic heritage of this Museum.

The two upper floors of the Museums are devoted to Mammals. The firs floor houses the Mammal Gallery and the Archaeoceti room, while the second floor houses the Cetacean Gallery. The Mammal Gallery, organized according to a systematic criterion, houses specimens both of the Museum’s historical collection and of recent acquisitions, mainly the Barbero collection.

This exhibition area introduces to the Cetacean Gallery by explaining the origins of the evolution of this water Mammal group. This area has been recently reorganized according to universal design criteria, with informative panels, tactile maps, audio sources, tridimensional models, Braille writings and embossed signs to make the access easier for every type of visitors (children, adults, elders, differently abled people).

As we go upstairs we arrive into the Carthusian Gallery which hosts the spectacular collection of present cetaceans skeletons. This collection, one of the most important in Europe, was set by Sebastiano Richiardi during his direction (1871-1891), even though written documents testify that in 1626 some cetaceans finds were already in the Museum. In all, the Museum possesses 53 skeletons, 23 of which are here exposed.

The Hall of Human Evolution illustrates the main stages of our evolutionary history with some thematic insights.

The mineral collection started to take form in 1844, when Leopoldo Pilla brought from Naples the Vesuvian collection. The mineral collection remarkably enlarged among the end of the 19th century and the beginning of 1900 with the contribution of Antonio D’Achiardi and its son Giovanni. The mineral gallery was opened to the public in 1994, redisigned in 2002, after the aquiring of the Cerpelli and D’Amore collection, and set up again in 2014 including new collection.

This exhibition area is devoted to the topic of the origin of the Earth and life, exposing both the mythological and the scientific approach.

The Dinosaurs exhibition and its courtyard are part of the same itinerary that presents some different aspects of this fascinating group.

The exhibit on the Evolution of birds, is located on the ground floor in continuity with that of Dinosaurs, as suggested by their evolutionary history: birds, in fact, are that particular group of dinosaurs which survived the great extinction at the end of the Mesozoic Era.

The room, furnished in 2007 in memory of Ezio Tongiorgi and Antonio Mario Radmilli, provides a survey of the prehistory of our territory through the exhibition of archeological remains coming from sites of the Northern Tuscany.

This rooms go over the geological and biological evolution of our territory, through a 500 millions years travel divided into three steps, on the basis of the fossils found in the Pisa area. These steps are represented by three full-size dioramas, recreating three past habitats. Every diorama is introduced by an entrance hall provided with informative panels and stone and fossil samples; other remains are kept into the showcases along the route and every diorama also includes a multimedia corner for additional information.